In order to provide for the new services at the Akron, Ohio facility, new virtual machine resources must be added to the virtual machine cluster at the Headquarters location.
Prepare a presentation to senior management as follows:
Provide a 3- to 5-slide PowerPoint® presentation to management on why Cybixx should invest more capital into a virtual server environment rather than a traditional hardware setup
Include speaker notes for all slides
The Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases
Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases
A. The typical steps or flow in a negotiation can be found in the phase models of negotiation:
1. Initiation.
2. Problem solving.
3. Resolution.
Defines these three phases and give a thorough example of each.
provide two reference in APA.
a scheme of speech recognition to improve pronunciation
I need this in 3 hours < by 4am PST Friday>
Hi, use any appropriate software (work/publisher/visio)
Draw a schema of speech recognition to improve pronunciation.
It will include human being, microphone, computer, text to read, transcript (audio and text), transcript missed words, and link for remediation (practice).
Number of Pages: 1 Page
Haskell programmers
Haskell programmers
Questions 4-6 refer to the contents of HW2.lhs. Include two files in your submission: a text file with the answers to questions 1-3, and the completed HW2.lhs file.
1. (3 points)
Imagine you’re given an interpreter for C++ and asked to build a compiler from C++ to x86 machine code that implements the same semantics as the interpreter. What does it mean to claim your compiler is correct? How would you test this claim?
2. (4 points)
Consider the following Haskell code:
data Shape = Circle Double | Rect Double Double
area :: Shape -> Double
area (Circle radius) = 3.1415 * radius * radius
area (Rect width height) = width * height
Write out the full sequence of tokens in this program, in the order that they appear.
3. (8 points)
For each of the first four phases of a typical compiler pipeline (source input, lexical analysis, parsing, and semantic analysis), describe a small specific change that you could make to the code in question 2 that would trigger an error in that phase (and not any previous phase). Justify each answer. (You might find it helpful to copy the code into a Haskell file and load it in an interpreter to try to trigger errors there.)
4. (4 points)
Fill in the definitions of the Sing and (:.:) cases for the “check” function.
5. (2 points)
Fill in the definition of the “star” function.
6. (6 points)
Write at least three more regexes and at least two tests for each that demonstrate that “check” and “star” are working correctly.
application of assessment tool (AChecker) to examine Web accessibility for a couple Web sites
You will complete several steps for this assignment. Step 1: You will become familiar with an assessment tool (AChecker) to examine Web accessibility for a couple Web sites. This is a freely available tool that you can learn about by reviewing the tutorial found here.Step 2: Select two Web sites that are somewhat similar in functionality. Find one that you think is good and one that you think is bad. Whether or not the Web site is good or bad is based upon your own personal perspective. Step 3: Examine the Web sites regarding your suggestions as to how they might be improved.Step 4: Create a PowerPoint presentation that includes 10-12 slides with voice recording that presents your recommended improvements. Discuss the good and bad factors of each Web site. Discuss how a sample task is supported on each of the Web sites. Describe how the Web site can be redesigned or revised to achieve better results. The requirements for the presentation are as follows:Title slide Introduction to the 2 Web sites Comparison of the 2 Web sites Explanation of how to improve the sample task Listing of recommended improvements Information regarding anticipated localization and globalization factors Summary and conclusions At least 3–5 references Be sure to consider the following:Patterns Wizards Interactivity Animation Transitions Screenshots may be used in your slides to support your explanations.Remember, your presentation must include both the slides and the audio to present the content.Include a title slide and APA format on citations used in the presentation with a closing references slide. Use proper design regarding elements (fonts, color, images, etc.) on your slides.Use the Record Slide Show option to present the information on each slide and record your verbal explanations for each item. Please refer to the following for more detailed instructions on recording your voice on a PowerPoint slide:How to Record Voice Narration for Your PowerPoint 2016 Presentation Use AChecker, research literature, and your textbook to support your redesign or revision recommendations. Please submit your assignment.For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.Grading Rubric Project CriteriaExceeds: 90%–100%Very Good: 80%–89%Meets: 70%–79%Needs Improvement: Below 70%Content
(75%)Response covers all topics indicated in the assignment and adds additional content. Response covers most topics indicated in the assignment. Response covers many of the topics indicated in the assignment.Response covers none to some of the topics indicated in the assignment. Effective Communication
(10%)Demonstrates outstanding or exemplary application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates outstanding expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is addressed appropriately. Language clearly and effectively communicates ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are minimal. Organization is clear. Format is consistently appropriate to assignment. Presentation and delivery are confident and persuasive (where applicable). The writing was of collegiate level with no errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates very good written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates sound expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is usually addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present, but do not distract from the message. Organization is apparent and mostly clear. Format is appropriate to assignment, but not entirely consistent. The writing was of collegiate level with two or less errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates acceptable written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates reasonable expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Sometimes, audience is addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present and may distract from the message. Organization is a bit unclear. Format is inconsistent. The writing was of collegiate level with several errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates inadequate or partially proficient application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates inadequate or partial expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is often not addressed appropriately. Language often impedes the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are frequent and often distract from meaning or presentation. Organization is inadequate, confusing, and distracting. The format is inadequate and obscures meaning. The writing was less than collegiate level with numerous errors in spelling or grammar.Supporting Analysis
(15%)Analysis exceeds minimum requirements. Sources are used to support analysis, are appropriate, and are properly referenced.Basic analysis provided to support assertions. Sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.Limited analysis provided to support assertions. Some sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.No or inaccurate analysis, no sources are cited when needed, analysis and/or sources are not appropriate. When sources are used, they are not properly referenced.
(75%)Response covers all topics indicated in the assignment and adds additional content. Response covers most topics indicated in the assignment. Response covers many of the topics indicated in the assignment.Response covers none to some of the topics indicated in the assignment. Effective Communication
(10%)Demonstrates outstanding or exemplary application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates outstanding expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is addressed appropriately. Language clearly and effectively communicates ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are minimal. Organization is clear. Format is consistently appropriate to assignment. Presentation and delivery are confident and persuasive (where applicable). The writing was of collegiate level with no errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates very good written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates sound expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is usually addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present, but do not distract from the message. Organization is apparent and mostly clear. Format is appropriate to assignment, but not entirely consistent. The writing was of collegiate level with two or less errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates acceptable written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates reasonable expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Sometimes, audience is addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present and may distract from the message. Organization is a bit unclear. Format is inconsistent. The writing was of collegiate level with several errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates inadequate or partially proficient application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates inadequate or partial expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is often not addressed appropriately. Language often impedes the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are frequent and often distract from meaning or presentation. Organization is inadequate, confusing, and distracting. The format is inadequate and obscures meaning. The writing was less than collegiate level with numerous errors in spelling or grammar.Supporting Analysis
(15%)Analysis exceeds minimum requirements. Sources are used to support analysis, are appropriate, and are properly referenced.Basic analysis provided to support assertions. Sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.Limited analysis provided to support assertions. Some sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.No or inaccurate analysis, no sources are cited when needed, analysis and/or sources are not appropriate. When sources are used, they are not properly referenced.
risks to identify threats, vulnerabilities, controls, critical business functions, disaster recovery, and incident responses in your solution to this assignment.
I have assignment that need to be turn in APA format. This project related to Information security and risk management.
Attached is the Project document that identifies Tasks 1 that must be completed.
Within the Project document you will find a Scenario of a fictitious health services organization. A Project Visual diagram is also provided that incorporates the Scenario information.
This Project assignment is built around this Scenario so your final grade depends on how well you incorporate the risks and other information from this Scenario into your solutions.
You MUST use these Scenario risks to identify threats, vulnerabilities, controls, critical business functions, disaster recovery, and incident responses in your solution to this assignment.
Part 1 – Task 1: Threats – Vulnerabilities (Only task 1)
Please look for the attached project plan and sample templates. If you see any content highlighted in yellow in sample templates that should be replace with actual content.
Risk register excel attachment should also be completed part of task1.
———————
sample_final project boilers document is just for reference. you should have to be documented as a sample document
Web accessibility for a couple Web sites
You will complete several steps for this assignment. Step 1: You will become familiar with an assessment tool (AChecker) to examine Web accessibility for a couple Web sites. This is a freely available tool that you can learn about by reviewing the tutorial found here.Step 2: Select two Web sites that are somewhat similar in functionality. Find one that you think is good and one that you think is bad. Whether or not the Web site is good or bad is based upon your own personal perspective. Step 3: Examine the Web sites regarding your suggestions as to how they might be improved.Step 4: Create a PowerPoint presentation that includes 10-12 slides with voice recording that presents your recommended improvements. Discuss the good and bad factors of each Web site. Discuss how a sample task is supported on each of the Web sites. Describe how the Web site can be redesigned or revised to achieve better results. The requirements for the presentation are as follows:Title slide Introduction to the 2 Web sites Comparison of the 2 Web sites Explanation of how to improve the sample task Listing of recommended improvements Information regarding anticipated localization and globalization factors Summary and conclusions At least 3–5 references Be sure to consider the following:Patterns Wizards Interactivity Animation Transitions Screenshots may be used in your slides to support your explanations.Remember, your presentation must include both the slides and the audio to present the content.Include a title slide and APA format on citations used in the presentation with a closing references slide. Use proper design regarding elements (fonts, color, images, etc.) on your slides.Use the Record Slide Show option to present the information on each slide and record your verbal explanations for each item. Please refer to the following for more detailed instructions on recording your voice on a PowerPoint slide:How to Record Voice Narration for Your PowerPoint 2016 Presentation Use AChecker, research literature, and your textbook to support your redesign or revision recommendations. Please submit your assignment.For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.Grading Rubric Project CriteriaExceeds: 90%–100%Very Good: 80%–89%Meets: 70%–79%Needs Improvement: Below 70%Content
(75%)Response covers all topics indicated in the assignment and adds additional content. Response covers most topics indicated in the assignment. Response covers many of the topics indicated in the assignment.Response covers none to some of the topics indicated in the assignment. Effective Communication
(10%)Demonstrates outstanding or exemplary application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates outstanding expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is addressed appropriately. Language clearly and effectively communicates ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are minimal. Organization is clear. Format is consistently appropriate to assignment. Presentation and delivery are confident and persuasive (where applicable). The writing was of collegiate level with no errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates very good written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates sound expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is usually addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present, but do not distract from the message. Organization is apparent and mostly clear. Format is appropriate to assignment, but not entirely consistent. The writing was of collegiate level with two or less errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates acceptable written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates reasonable expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Sometimes, audience is addressed appropriately. Language does not interfere with the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are present and may distract from the message. Organization is a bit unclear. Format is inconsistent. The writing was of collegiate level with several errors in spelling or grammar.Demonstrates inadequate or partially proficient application of written, visual, or oral skills. Demonstrates inadequate or partial expression of topic, main idea, and purpose. Audience is often not addressed appropriately. Language often impedes the communication of ideas and content relevant to the assignment. Errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure are frequent and often distract from meaning or presentation. Organization is inadequate, confusing, and distracting. The format is inadequate and obscures meaning. The writing was less than collegiate level with numerous errors in spelling or grammar.Supporting Analysis
(15%)Analysis exceeds minimum requirements. Sources are used to support analysis, are appropriate, and are properly referenced.Basic analysis provided to support assertions. Sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.Limited analysis provided to support assertions. Some sources are cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.No or inaccurate analysis, no sources are cited when needed, analysis and/or sources are not appropriate. When sources are used, they are not properly referenced.
online learning
The Discussion Board (DB) is part of the core of online learning. Classroom discussion in an online environment requires the active participation of students and the instructor to create robust interaction and dialogue. Every student is expected to create an original response to the open-ended DB question as well as engage in dialogue by responding to posts created by others throughout the week. At the end of each unit, DB participation will be assessed based on both level of engagement and the quality of the contribution to the discussion.At a minimum, each student will be expected to post an original and thoughtful response to the DB question and contribute to the weekly dialogue by responding to at least two other posts from students. The first contribution must be posted before midnight (Central Time) on Friday of each week. Two additional responses are required after Friday of each week. Students are highly encouraged to engage on the Discussion Board early and often, as that is the primary way the university tracks class attendance and participation.The purpose of the Discussion Board is to allow students to learn through sharing ideas and experiences as they relate to course content and the DB question. Because it is not possible to engage in two-way dialogue after a conversation has ended, no posts to the DB will be accepted after the end of each unit.Mobile devices, the Internet, and other technologies have made a large impact on the daily lives of people all over the world. Consider how one particular technology item has affected society from a human–computer interaction (HCI) perspective, and answer the following questions:Discuss the technology’s impact on social, ethical, and legal issues. How do you think the role of this technology has changed HCI since its inception? How do you see the future of this technology further changing HCI? In your own words, please post a response to the Discussion Board and comment on other postings. You will be graded on the quality of your postings.For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.Grading Rubric Project CriteriaExceeds: 90%–100%Very good: 80%–89%Meets: 70%–79%Needs Improvement: Below 70%Content
(40%)Response covers all topics indicated in the assignment and adds additional content. The writing was of collegiate level with no errors in spelling or grammar.Response covers most topics indicated in the assignment. The writing was of collegiate level with one or less errors in spelling or grammar.Response covers many topics indicated in the assignment. The writing was of collegiate level with two or less errors in spelling or grammar.Response covers none to some of the topics indicated in the assignment. The writing was less than collegiate level with errors in spelling or grammar.Interaction
(40%)Multiple learner interactions per week that add to the discussion. Responses show evidence of critical analysis with questions to other classmates.At least three learner interactions per week that add to the discussion. Responses show evidence of critical analysis.No less than two learner interactions per week that add to the discussion. Responses show evidence of critical analysis.Zero to one learner interaction per week in the discussion board. Response lacks evidence of critical analysis.Supporting Analysis
(20%)Analysis exceeded minimum requirements. Appropriate sources were used to support analysis and were properly referenced.Basic analysis provided to support discussion. When appropriate to support discussion, appropriate sources were cited and properly referenced.Some limited analysis provided to support discussion. When appropriate to support discussion, sources were cited, appropriate, and properly referenced.No or inaccurate analysis, no sources were cited when needed, analysis and/or sources were not appropriate. When sources used, were not properly referenced.
Business Challenges Within the Seven Domains of IT Responsibility
Business Challenges Within the Seven Domains of IT Responsibility
Discussion
Read the following Scenario:
Company M designs, manufactures, and sells electronic door locks for commercial buildings. The company has approximately 1,500 employees in three locations around the United States and generates $50 million in annual revenues. Over 5,000 wholesalers and distributors access the Company M business-to-business (B2B) Web site to place orders and track fulfillment. In the past year, Company M experienced 22 information security incidents, most of which involved lost or stolen laptops, tablet PCs, and smartphones. In addition, the company dealt with four serious malware events that originated from an unpatched server, an insecure wireless network used in the manufacturing plant, an insecure remote connection used by a sales person, and a headquarters employee who downloaded a game from the Internet to her workstation. Three of the malware incidents resulted in files that were erased from the company’s sales database, which had to be restored, and one incident forced the B2B Web site to shut down for 24 hours.
Discussion requirements
- Identify and discuss technological and financial risks that Company M faces.
- Which domains of the IT infrastructure were involved during the four malware events?
- What types of security policies should Company M institute to mitigate those risks?
- Reference your work
INNOVATORS-HOW A GROUP OF HACKERS, GENIUSES, AND GEEKS CREATED THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION—Reading Paper
THE
2
2
INNOVATORS
3
3
ALSO BY WALTER ISAACSON
Steve Jobs American Sketches
Einstein: His Life and Universe A Benjamin Franklin Reader
Benjamin Franklin: An American Life Kissinger: A Biography
The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made (with Evan Thomas) Pro and Con
4
Steve Jobs American Sketches
Einstein: His Life and Universe A Benjamin Franklin Reader
Benjamin Franklin: An American Life Kissinger: A Biography
The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made (with Evan Thomas) Pro and Con
4
6
First published in Great Britain by Simon & Schuster UK Ltd, 2014 A CBS COMPANY
Copyright © 2014 by Walter Isaacson
This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. No reproduction without permission.
All rights reserved.
The right of Walter Isaacson to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
Simon & Schuster UK Ltd 1st Floor
222 Gray’s Inn Road London WC1X 8HB
www.simonandschuster.co.uk
Simon & Schuster Australia, Sydney Simon & Schuster India, New Delhi
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Excerpts from “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace” from The Pill Versus the Springhill Mine Disaster by Richard Brautigan. Copyright © 1968 by Richard Brautigan. Reproduced by permission of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Photo research and editing by Laura Wyss, Wyssphoto, Inc., with the assistance of Elizabeth Seramur, Amy Hikida, and Emily Vinson, and by Jonathan Cox.
Interior design by Ruth Lee-Mui
ISBN: 978-1-47113-879-9 Ebook: 978-1-47113-881-2
The author and publishers have made all reasonable efforts to contact copyright-holders for permission, and apologise for any omissions or errors in the form of credits given. Corrections may be made to future printings.
Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY
7
Copyright © 2014 by Walter Isaacson
This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. No reproduction without permission.
All rights reserved.
The right of Walter Isaacson to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
Simon & Schuster UK Ltd 1st Floor
222 Gray’s Inn Road London WC1X 8HB
www.simonandschuster.co.uk
Simon & Schuster Australia, Sydney Simon & Schuster India, New Delhi
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Excerpts from “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace” from The Pill Versus the Springhill Mine Disaster by Richard Brautigan. Copyright © 1968 by Richard Brautigan. Reproduced by permission of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Photo research and editing by Laura Wyss, Wyssphoto, Inc., with the assistance of Elizabeth Seramur, Amy Hikida, and Emily Vinson, and by Jonathan Cox.
Interior design by Ruth Lee-Mui
ISBN: 978-1-47113-879-9 Ebook: 978-1-47113-881-2
The author and publishers have made all reasonable efforts to contact copyright-holders for permission, and apologise for any omissions or errors in the form of credits given. Corrections may be made to future printings.
Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY
7
CONTENTS
Illustrated Timeline Introduction
CHAPTER 1
Ada, Countess of Lovelace CHAPTER 2
The Computer CHAPTER 3
Programming CHAPTER 4
The Transistor CHAPTER 5
The Microchip CHAPTER 6
Video Games CHAPTER 7
The Internet CHAPTER 8
The Personal Computer CHAPTER 9
Software CHAPTER 10
Online CHAPTER 11
The Web CHAPTER 12
Ada Forever
Acknowledgments Notes
Photo Credits
8
Illustrated Timeline Introduction
CHAPTER 1
Ada, Countess of Lovelace CHAPTER 2
The Computer CHAPTER 3
Programming CHAPTER 4
The Transistor CHAPTER 5
The Microchip CHAPTER 6
Video Games CHAPTER 7
The Internet CHAPTER 8
The Personal Computer CHAPTER 9
Software CHAPTER 10
Online CHAPTER 11
The Web CHAPTER 12
Ada Forever
Acknowledgments Notes
Photo Credits
8
Index
9
9
THE
10
10
INNOVATORS
11
11
1800
1843
Ada, Countess of Lovelace, publishes “Notes” on Babbage’s Analytical Engine.
1847
George Boole creates a system using algebra for logical reasoning.
1890
The census is tabulated with Herman Hollerith’s punch-card machines.
12
1843
Ada, Countess of Lovelace, publishes “Notes” on Babbage’s Analytical Engine.
1847
George Boole creates a system using algebra for logical reasoning.
1890
The census is tabulated with Herman Hollerith’s punch-card machines.
12
1931
Vannevar Bush devises the Differential Analyzer, an analog electromechanical computer.
1935
Tommy Flowers pioneers use of vacuum tubes as on-off switches in circuits.
1937
13
Vannevar Bush devises the Differential Analyzer, an analog electromechanical computer.
1935
Tommy Flowers pioneers use of vacuum tubes as on-off switches in circuits.
1937
13
Alan Turing publishes “On Computable Numbers,” describing a universal computer.
Claude Shannon describes how circuits of switches can perform tasks of Boolean algebra.
Bell Labs’ George Stibitz proposes a calculator using an electric circuit.
14
Claude Shannon describes how circuits of switches can perform tasks of Boolean algebra.
Bell Labs’ George Stibitz proposes a calculator using an electric circuit.
14
Howard Aiken proposes construction of large digital computer and discovers parts of Babbage’s Difference Engine at Harvard.
John Vincent Atanasoff puts together concepts for an electronic computer during a long December night’s drive.
1938
William Hewlett and David Packard form company in Palo Alto garage.
1939
Atanasoff finishes model of electronic computer with mechanical storage drums.
15
John Vincent Atanasoff puts together concepts for an electronic computer during a long December night’s drive.
1938
William Hewlett and David Packard form company in Palo Alto garage.
1939
Atanasoff finishes model of electronic computer with mechanical storage drums.
15
Turing arrives at Bletchley Park to work on breaking German codes.
1941
Konrad Zuse completes Z3, a fully functional electromechanical programmable digital computer.
16
1941
Konrad Zuse completes Z3, a fully functional electromechanical programmable digital computer.
16
John Mauchly visits Atanasoff in Iowa, sees computer demonstrated.
1952
1942
Atanasoff completes partly working computer with three hundred vacuum tubes, leaves for Navy.
1943
Colossus, a vacuum-tube computer to break German codes, is completed at Bletchley Park.
1944
17
1952
1942
Atanasoff completes partly working computer with three hundred vacuum tubes, leaves for Navy.
1943
Colossus, a vacuum-tube computer to break German codes, is completed at Bletchley Park.
1944
17
Harvard Mark I goes into operation.
John von Neumann goes to Penn to work on ENIAC.
1945
Von Neumann writes “First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC” describing a stored-program computer.
18
John von Neumann goes to Penn to work on ENIAC.
1945
Von Neumann writes “First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC” describing a stored-program computer.
18
Six women programmers of ENIAC are sent to Aberdeen for training.
Vannevar Bush publishes “As We May Think,” describing personal computer.
Bush publishes “Science, the Endless Frontier,” proposing government funding of academic and industrial research.
ENIAC is fully operational.
1947
Transistor invented at Bell Labs.
1950
Turing publishes article describing a test for artificial intelligence.
19
Vannevar Bush publishes “As We May Think,” describing personal computer.
Bush publishes “Science, the Endless Frontier,” proposing government funding of academic and industrial research.
ENIAC is fully operational.
1947
Transistor invented at Bell Labs.
1950
Turing publishes article describing a test for artificial intelligence.
19
1952
Grace Hopper develops first computer compiler.
Von Neumann completes modern computer at the Institute for Advanced Study.
UNIVAC predicts Eisenhower election victory.
1954
1954
Turing commits suicide.
20
Grace Hopper develops first computer compiler.
Von Neumann completes modern computer at the Institute for Advanced Study.
UNIVAC predicts Eisenhower election victory.
1954
1954
Turing commits suicide.
20
Texas Instruments introduces silicon transistor and helps launch Regency radio.
1956
Shockley Semiconductor founded.
First artificial intelligence conference.
1957
21
1956
Shockley Semiconductor founded.
First artificial intelligence conference.
1957
21
Robert Noyce, Gordon Moore, and others form Fairchild Semiconductor.
Russia launches Sputnik.
1958
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) announced.
22
Russia launches Sputnik.
1958
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) announced.
22
Jack Kilby demonstrates integrated circuit, or microchip.
1959
Noyce and Fairchild colleagues independently invent microchip.
1960
J. C. R. Licklider publishes “Man-Computer Symbiosis.”
23
1959
Noyce and Fairchild colleagues independently invent microchip.
1960
J. C. R. Licklider publishes “Man-Computer Symbiosis.”
23
Paul Baran at RAND devises packet switching.
1961
President Kennedy proposes sending man to the moon.
1962
MIT hackers create Spacewar game.
Licklider becomes founding director of ARPA’s Information Processing Techniques Office.
Doug Engelbart publishes “Augmenting Human Intellect.”
1963
24
1961
President Kennedy proposes sending man to the moon.
1962
MIT hackers create Spacewar game.
Licklider becomes founding director of ARPA’s Information Processing Techniques Office.
Doug Engelbart publishes “Augmenting Human Intellect.”
1963
24
Licklider proposes an “Intergalactic Computer Network.”
Engelbart and Bill English invent the mouse.
1972
1964
Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters take bus trip across America.
1965
Ted Nelson publishes first article about “hypertext.”
25
Engelbart and Bill English invent the mouse.
1972
1964
Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters take bus trip across America.
1965
Ted Nelson publishes first article about “hypertext.”
25
Moore’s Law predicts microchips will double in power each year or so.
1966
Stewart Brand hosts Trips Festival with Ken Kesey.
26
1966
Stewart Brand hosts Trips Festival with Ken Kesey.
26
Bob Taylor convinces ARPA chief Charles Herzfeld to fund ARPANET.
Donald Davies coins the term packet switching.
1967
ARPANET design discussions in Ann Arbor and Gatlinburg.
1968
Larry Roberts sends out request for bids to build the ARPANET’s IMPs.
27
Donald Davies coins the term packet switching.
1967
ARPANET design discussions in Ann Arbor and Gatlinburg.
1968
Larry Roberts sends out request for bids to build the ARPANET’s IMPs.
27
Noyce and Moore form Intel, hire Andy Grove.
Brand publishes first Whole Earth Catalog.
28
Brand publishes first Whole Earth Catalog.
28
Engelbart stages the Mother of All Demos with Brand’s help.
1969
First nodes of ARPANET installed.
1971
Don Hoefler begins column for Electronic News called “Silicon Valley USA.”
Demise party for Whole Earth Catalog.
Intel 4004 microprocessor unveiled.
29
1969
First nodes of ARPANET installed.
1971
Don Hoefler begins column for Electronic News called “Silicon Valley USA.”
Demise party for Whole Earth Catalog.
Intel 4004 microprocessor unveiled.
29
Ray Tomlinson invents email.
1972
Nolan Bushnell creates Pong at Atari with Al Alcorn.
1973
1973
30
1972
Nolan Bushnell creates Pong at Atari with Al Alcorn.
1973
1973
30
Alan Kay helps to create the Alto at Xerox PARC.
Ethernet developed by Bob Metcalfe at Xerox PARC.
Community Memory shared terminal set up at Leopold’s Records, Berkeley.
31
Ethernet developed by Bob Metcalfe at Xerox PARC.
Community Memory shared terminal set up at Leopold’s Records, Berkeley.
31
Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn complete TCP/IP protocols for the Internet.
1974
Intel 8080 comes out.
1975
Altair personal computer from MITS appears.
32
1974
Intel 8080 comes out.
1975
Altair personal computer from MITS appears.
32
Paul Allen and Bill Gates write BASIC for Altair, form Microsoft.
First meeting of Homebrew Computer Club.
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak launch the Apple I.
1977
The Apple II is released.
33
First meeting of Homebrew Computer Club.
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak launch the Apple I.
1977
The Apple II is released.
33
1978
First Internet Bulletin Board System.
First Internet Bulletin Board System.