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Part 3: Research Paper (50 points) A 7 – 10 page (excluding title page and reference list) research paper on the underlying issue you chose for the applied final project and a description of how parents can deal with the issue/s of the Lot in Life — based upon theory and research findings.. Your research paper should draw from at least 8 scholarly primary sources of information (recent peer-reviewed journal articles, books written by human development theorists, and government bulletins reporting up-to-date statistics). All sources of information must be cited and referenced in APA, 6th edition, style. Please see the Syllabus and the UMUC policy on plagiarism. Points for Part 3 of the applied final project will be assigned in the following manner: Description of the Problem/Issue…..5 points Background Information…..10 points (theoretical perspectives and up-to-date research findings related to the topic) Strategies for addressing the issue…..10 points,                                                                                                                                                   (based upon theory and research findings)
Descriptions of 2 local agencies that work directly with parents and/or their children on the underlying issue/s…..10 points
>Identification and description of two agencies (2 pts.) > Mission statements of each agency (2 points) > Contact information for each agency (1 point) > Available services and programs for each agency (4 points) > Cost of services and programs for each agency (1 point) At least 8 primary sources of information (see above) …..10 points Well organized, well written, APA format…..5 points


Applied Final Project: Doing the Research

The lot of life scenario at hand is a child who is having problems at school and the scenario has been presented by a concerned parents. Parenting is a complicated process that encompasses several aspect of human life as they grow and develop from infancy to adulthood. Parenting which is also known as child rearing is psychological and social process that seek to support the physical, emotional, social and the intellectual development children from infancy to adulthood.

The case at hand is an intellectual concerned of the parents as they practice their parenting responsibility (Cortiella, & Horowitz, 2014). It is the responsibility of the parents to develop their children intellectually a part form establishing their biological relationship with their children. From the first assignment, it is very clear that the child in the case may be suffering from learning disability that has become common among the children in America (Swanson, & Harris, 2013). The explanation from the parents of the child directly point at the learning disorder as the explanation encompasses all the signs and symptoms of learning disability which may become absolute as the child develops.

Key issue in the lot of life scenario

· The key issues that have been highlighted in the scenario include the concerned of the parent that the child is having learning disability.

· The performance of the child in the scenario is far below her peers in matter school performance which is creating concerned to the parent that the child may be having learning disability.

· The child did not walk until the age of two years and she was unable to talk until when she was eight years old despite the fact that she was born at end of her full gestation period.

· The child was born with a small umbilical cord which rose concerned of the doctors of the amount of oxygen the child was receiving when she was in the womb.

· The child in the case is fascinated with puzzles which make it even complicated as to whether the child is suffering from learning disability.

Analysis of the key issues

Learning disability is a classification that affect several areas of functioning in which people have problems in learning in a typical way that are caused by different factors (Gaddes, 2013). The situation does not rule out learning difficulties in different situations. In other scenarios, some people who have learning difficulties can be put under the bracket of learning differences and this make them different from being or rather having learning disabilities which may cause difficulties in learning which may cause stereotyping (Geary, 2013). Learning disability in most jurisdictions is referred as the intellectual disability and it include dyslexia and dyspraxia. In most cases, the difficulties in learning are usually referred as learning disability, learning disorder and learning difficulties (Mastropieri, & Scruggs, 2017). But n real sense, the term disorder should be struck from the list as it means situations that are very significant and cause enormous academic problems.

The case at hand encompasses some features that relate to the learning disabilities as described in the article entitled, “Learning Disabilities in Children: Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Importance of Early Intervention,” (Johnson, 2017) in which the author discusses how intelligent children with normal sensory abilities can also be faced with significant impairment in reading, writing and mathematics. The author in this article highlights some of the causes, effects and symptoms of learning disabilities in the world. According to the author, students with learning disabilities have anxiety and significant stress, poor scholastic performance and face more social, emotional and behavioral problems (Mooney, & Cole, 2014). The picture that is created in the scenario clearly bring a bit of the characteristic of the learning disability as some of the characteristic of a learning disability victim that include problems in calculation, reading and writing are encompassed in the narration (Swanson, & Harris, 2013). This present evidence enough to ascertain that the child may be having learning disability despite the facts from the scenario that it was never reached at during the assessment process.

From the scenario, it is very clear that the child had some brain complications because it is very clear from the account that the child was born with a swelling on the brain which disappeared after sometime and it was never diagnosed. Learning disabilities in most cases are caused by unknown brain disorders that inhibit the reception and processing of the information in the brain (Mooney, & Cole, 2014). These factors make it impossible for any one to learn quickly and may be compared to those with learning disabilities. To understand the scenario at hand beyond doubt, it is imperative that one analyze the effects of learning disability.

It is imperative to understand that the effects of learning disabilities are not limited to academic spheres only but range to social problems (Geary, 2013). Studies have come up with enough evidence to suggest that people with learning disabilities experience low academic performance as compared to their peers who even achieved similar starting performance levels. It also affects the perceived social cues with peers due to neuropsychological differences. Several studies have shown that individual esteem is significantly impacted by individual awareness of learning disabilities (Holmes, & O’loughlin, 2014). However, some of these effects can also be caused by the perception of the individual’s self-esteem towards education and learning as negative perception will negatively affect the academic performance which may be linked to learning disability. Relating the above analysis of the effects correlates directly to the effects that are vivid in the case which provide significant evidence to suggest that the child is suffering from learning disability (Mastropieri, & Scruggs, 2017).

Conclusively, the key issue in the lot of scenario directly point to causes, effects and symptoms of learning disability. More evidence can be deduced from the analysis of the causes of the disability which can be based on to prove the case beyond doubt. One major cause of learning disability is hereditary. From the own set of the scenario narration, the parent compare the behavior of the child with has at a particular point (Johnson, 2017). This is a clear indication that one of the parents may have had the genes that cause learning disability whether at a recessive or dominant state and the child may have inherited the characters from the parent. Secondly, another cause of learning disability is problems during pregnancy and at birth.

Oxygen depression, use of alcohol and other drugs and anomalies in the in brain development, illness or injury and prolonged labor which are evident in the scenario at hand are the major cause of learning disability (Holmes, & O’loughlin, 2014). From the scenario, it is evident that the mother of the child experienced prolonged labor and the doctor had to pull the kid forcefully which may have cause physical injury to the newborn. The child was born with a swelling on the brain and the doctor was concerned if the child was getting enough oxygen. All these are evident in the scenario and are seen to be the major cause of learning disability.

Conclusion

The scenario in itself provides enough evidence that concur with the causes, effects, and symptoms of learning disabilities in medicine perspective. It is evident that the mother of the child experienced prolonged labor and the doctor had to pull the kid forcefully which may have cause physical injury to the newborn. The child was born with a swelling on the brain and the doctor was concerned if the child was getting enough oxygen. The study can conclusively and with no doubt that the child in the lot scenario is suffering from learning disorder.

Reference

Cortiella, C., & Horowitz, S. H. (2014). The state of learning disabilities: Facts, trends and emerging issues. New York: National Center for Learning Disabilities.

Gaddes, W. H. (2013). Learning disabilities and brain function: A neuropsychological approach. Springer Science & Business Media.

Geary, D. C. (2013). Early foundations for mathematics learning and their relations to learning disabilities. Current directions in psychological science, 22(1), 23-27.

Holmes, K. M., & O’loughlin, N. (2014). The experiences of people with learning disabilities on social networking sites. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 42(1), 1-5.

Johnson, B. (2017). Learning Disabilities in Children: Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Importance of Early Intervention. BMH Medical Journal, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 31-37 (2017)

Mastropieri, M. A., & Scruggs, T. E. (2017). The inclusive classroom: Strategies for effective differentiated instruction. Pearson.

Mooney, J., & Cole, D. (2014). Learning Outside The Lines: Two Ivy League Students With Learning Disabilities And Adhd Give You The Tools F. Simon and Schuster.

Swanson, H. L., & Harris, K. R. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of learning disabilities. Guilford Press.